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El desarrollo del debate ofrece, por lo general, la siguiente  estructura : Introducción.  En ella el moderador presenta a los participantes y expone el tema que se va a debatir. Ejemplo:  “ Nos acompañan hoy María Fernández y Claudio Lozano, dos expertos en el tema de la inmigración, en el que se va a centrar nuestro debate.  “ Exposición inicial.  Cada participante enuncia su postura acerca del tema. Discusión.  Es la parte central del debate, en la que los interlocutores confrontan y argumentan sus opiniones. Conclusión.  Cada participante sintetiza su postura, que puede coincidir con la inicial o haberse visto modificada. Despedida.  Corre a cargo del moderador, que resume las opiniones expresadas y pone fin al debate. Posibles temas para un debate en clase:  - ¿Es conveniente que los escolares usen uniforme? -  ¿Deben permanecer las estudiantes embarazadas en los colegios? - ¿Se deben restringir o no las libertades individuales para combatir el terrorismo?

AVANT-GARDE (LAS VANGUARDIAS ARTÍSTICAS) CUBISM               ("Las señoritas de Avignon", 1905, Picasso)                    ("La guitare", 1909-1910, Braque)   ("Woman walking", 1913-1915, Archipenko) EXPRESSIONISM ("The scream", 1893, Munch)   ( "Lady in a green jacket", 1913, Macke)   ("The large blue horses", 1911, Franz Marc)  ("The fallen man", 1915-16, Lehmbruck) DADAISM ("Fountain, 1917, Duchamp)       ("Roue de bicyclette, 1913, Duchamp)   ("Bunch of eyes, 1930, Hannah Hoch")

THE TSARIST EMPIRE  In 19th century Russia was an absolute monarchy. The participation in the First World War worsened its economic and political problems. Characteristics of the Russian empire: ·         The head of state was the Tsar Nicholas II. ·         There were no civil rights ·         Parties suffered repression ·         Economy was semi-feudal (a minority rich and a peasant majority      poor) ·         Capitalist economy could not develop because bourgeoisie and         working class were very small.                                   Problems at the beginning of the 20th century: The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) was formed --> establish a Socialist state (Marxist ideology). RSDLP divided into:  the mensheviks (Martov): gradual reforms to achieve a Socialist state the bolsheviks (Lenin): revolution to remove tsar from power and establish a Socialist state. In 1905, there were protest against the tsar were suppr

WAR ECONOMY:  economic activity was directed towards military effort. new inventions: telegraph, telephone, aeroplanes, submarines, grenades, machine-guns, poison gas, etc.  no enough workers in factories -->  production decreased  --> shortages --> prices increased --> rationating systems --> black market.                                    SOCIETY men were conscripted or recruited into the armed forces (this kind of adverts were used):                                                              women replaced men in factories and offices. When war had finished, there were no enough jobs for everyone so women were fired or paid less than men.  Suffragette movement campaigned for women´s suffrage                             PEACE SETTLEMENT Representatives of the Allied Powers met at the Paris Peace Conference:                                                           Wilson proposed a reconciliation between the participants;

CAUSES: Tensions: France wanted to recover Alsace-Lorraine Austro-Hungarian Empire annexed Bosnia-Herzegovina (Serbia and Russia disagreed) European countries competed for control of colonies in North Africa (imperialism)  Britain and Germany started a naval arms race. ALLIANCES BEFORE THE FIRST WORLD WAR ARCHDUKE AND HIS WIFE FEW MINUTES BEFORE THE ASSASSINATION IMMEDIATE CAUSE: Because of that death, Austrian-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia. Then,  a giant chain-reaction of war declarations throughout Europe and part of Asia (Russia) was created.  PARTICIPANTS IN THE WAR: PHASES:  Initial German offensives (1914) Trench warfare and new allies (1915-1917) Allied victories and the armistice (1918)